Dog Breeding Answers – When Can I Breed My Female Dog?
If you own a female dog and plan to breed her, you need to recognize when she comes into season. Female dogs normally have their first heat cycle between 6 and 15 months of age. Smaller dogs will come into season sooner than larger breeds. Female dogs usually come into season approximately once every six months, but there are some that are more irregular.
Females can get pregnant during their very first season, but they are not physically mature enough to raise a litter at this age. I always wait until either the second heat cycle, or the first cycle after she turns one year old, whichever occurs LAST.
Its important to make sure that a female in season is kept away from all unwanted suitors for 3 weeks beginning with the start of her season. This includes the entire heat cycle plus a few more extra days for insurance. A female’s heat cycle will last for about three full weeks. Younger dogs often have shorter heat cycles.
Here are the signs to look for through the heat cycle:
• When a dog comes into season, the first sign you will see is that their vulva will begin to swell to about twice its normal size. She will usually lick her vulva often. If you see her licking more than usual, check for swelling.
• It is a very good idea to check your female dog’s vulva often so that you know what it looks like normally. That way, when it starts to change, you will notice right away. Mark the date on your calendar when you first notice the swelling.
• The next sign you will see is that they will start to bleed from their vulva. Initially the blood flow is just a few drops, but as days pass her flow will increase. This will usually last about 10 days.
• About the 10th to 13th day, the blood flow will normally stop and the discharge will turn clear. She will continue licking her vulva. Normally about this time, is when the female will accept a male for breeding. It is usually about the 10th to 13th day from when the initial swelling began.
It is critically important to remember that you cannot let your female out of your sight for a single minute during this entire 3 week period. If you think she will be safe unattended in your fenced in back yard, you will be very sadly mistaken. Male dogs will leap tall buildings to get to a female in heat. Keep her on a leash and attended at all times during this period.
When your female is old enough to breed, you will usually take her to the male and breed her two or three times. I usually breed the first day she will accept a male and then once a day for each day that she will accept the male. This often isn’t long, only lasting about three days.
It’s important to know that once a female is bred by one male, she can still be bred and get pregnant by a different male during the same heat cycle. She can have a litter of puppies with two or more fathers. This is why it is very important to not let her out of your site during the entire heat cycle.
It is also important to know that she will breed with her father or her brother if given the opportunity. Many people think that a dog will “instinctively” not breed with a close relative. This couldn’t be further from the truth. Dogs simply do not make these distinctions that humans do.
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